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LPIC-2 exam 202 (Part 2 of 2) version 4.0 Real Questions with Latest 202-400 Practice Tests | Practice Test with Actual Questions

LPI 202-400 : LPIC-2 exam 202 (Part 2 of 2) version 4.0 Exam

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Exam Number : 202-400
Exam Name : LPIC-2 exam 202 (Part 2 of 2) version 4.0
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202-400 exam Format | 202-400 Course Contents | 202-400 Course Outline | 202-400 exam Syllabus | 202-400 exam Objectives

LPIC-2 is the second certification in LPIs multi-level professional certification program. The LPIC-2 will validate the candidate's ability to administer small to medium�sized mixed networks. The candidate must have an active LPIC-1 certification to receive LPIC-2 certification- but the LPIC-1 and LPIC-2 exams may be taken in any order.

perform advanced system administration- including common tasks regarding the Linux kernel- system startup and maintenance; perform advanced Management of block storage and file systems as well as advanced networking and authentication and system security- including firewall and VPN; install and configure fundamental network services- including DHCP- DNS- SSH- Web servers- file servers using FTP- NFS and Samba- email delivery; and supervise assistants and advise management on automation and purchases.

To become LPIC-2 certified- you must be LPIC-1 certified and pass both the 201 and 202 exams
At LPI we take the guesswork out of whats on the exam. Our exam objectives show you what syllabus you can expect to find on the exams as well as the relative importance of those topics. No matter which study resources you choose to prepare for your LPI exams- reviewing the individual exam objectives should be at the core of any study plan.

Domain Name Server
Web Services
File Sharing
Network Client Management
E-Mail Services
System Security

207.1 Basic DNS server configuration
Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be able to configure BIND to function as a caching-only DNS server. This objective includes the ability to manage a running server and configuring logging.

Key Knowledge Areas:

BIND 9.x configuration files- terms and utilities
Defining the location of the BIND zone files in BIND configuration files
Reloading modified configuration and zone files
Awareness of dnsmasq- djbdns and PowerDNS as alternate name servers
The following is a partial list of the used files- terms and utilities:

/etc/named.conf
/var/named/
/usr/sbin/rndc
kill
host
dig

207.2 Create and maintain DNS zones
Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be able to create a zone file for a forward or reverse zone and hints for root level servers. This objective includes setting appropriate values for records- adding hosts in zones and adding zones to the DNS. A candidate should also be able to delegate zones to another DNS server.

Key Knowledge Areas:

BIND 9 configuration files- terms and utilities
Utilities to request information from the DNS server
Layout- content and file location of the BIND zone files
Various methods to add a new host in the zone files- including reverse zones
Terms and Utilities:

/var/named/
zone file syntax
resource record formats
named-checkzone
named-compilezone
masterfile-format
dig
nslookup
host

207.3 Securing a DNS server
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to configure a DNS server to run as a non-root user and run in a chroot jail. This objective includes secure exchange of data between DNS servers.

Key Knowledge Areas:
BIND 9 configuration files
Configuring BIND to run in a chroot jail
Split configuration of BIND using the forwarders statement
Configuring and using transaction signatures (TSIG)
Awareness of DNSSEC and basic tools
Awareness of DANE and related records
Terms and Utilities:

/etc/named.conf
/etc/passwd
DNSSEC
dnssec-keygen
dnssec-signzone
Topic 208: Web Services
208.1 Implementing a web server
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to install and configure a web server. This objective includes monitoring the servers load and performance- restricting client user access- configuring support for scripting languages as modules and setting up client user authentication. Also included is configuring server options to restrict usage of resources. Candidates should be able to configure a web server to use virtual hosts and customize file access.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Apache 2.4 configuration files- terms and utilities
Apache log files configuration and content
Access restriction methods and files
mod_perl and PHP configuration
Client user authentication files and utilities
Configuration of maximum requests- minimum and maximum servers and clients
Apache 2.4 virtual host implementation (with and without dedicated IP addresses)
Using redirect statements in Apaches configuration files to customize file access
Terms and Utilities:

access logs and error logs
.htaccess
httpd.conf
mod_auth_basic- mod_authz_host and mod_access_compat
htpasswd
AuthUserFile- AuthGroupFile
apachectl- apache2ctl
httpd- apache2

208.2 Apache configuration for HTTPS
Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to configure a web server to provide HTTPS.

Key Knowledge Areas:

SSL configuration files- tools and utilities
Generate a server private key and CSR for a commercial CA
Generate a self-signed Certificate
Install the key and certificate- including intermediate CAs
Configure Virtual Hosting using SNI
Awareness of the issues with Virtual Hosting and use of SSL
Security issues in SSL use- disable insecure protocols and ciphers
Terms and Utilities:

Apache2 configuration files
/etc/ssl/- /etc/pki/
openssl- CA.pl
SSLEngine- SSLCertificateKeyFile- SSLCertificateFile
SSLCACertificateFile- SSLCACertificatePath
SSLProtocol- SSLCipherSuite- ServerTokens- ServerSignature- TraceEnable

208.3 Implementing a proxy server
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to install and configure a proxy server- including access policies- authentication and resource usage.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Squid 3.x configuration files- terms and utilities
Access restriction methods
Client user authentication methods
Layout and content of ACL in the Squid configuration files
Terms and Utilities:

squid.conf
acl
http_access

208.4 Implementing Nginx as a web server and a reverse proxy
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to install and configure a reverse proxy server- Nginx. Basic configuration of Nginx as a HTTP server is included.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Nginx
Reverse Proxy
Basic Web Server
Terms and Utilities:

/etc/nginx/
nginx
Topic 209: File Sharing
209.1 SAMBA Server Configuration
Weight: 5

Description: Candidates should be able to set up a Samba server for various clients. This objective includes setting up Samba as a standalone server as well as integrating Samba as a member in an Active Directory. Furthermore- the configuration of simple CIFS and printer shares is covered. Also covered is a configuring a Linux client to use a Samba server. Troubleshooting installations is also tested.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Samba 4 documentation
Samba 4 configuration files
Samba 4 tools and utilities and daemons
Mounting CIFS shares on Linux
Mapping Windows user names to Linux user names
User-Level- Share-Level and AD security
Terms and Utilities:

smbd- nmbd- winbindd
smbcontrol- smbstatus- testparm- smbpasswd- nmblookup
samba-tool
net
smbclient
mount.cifs
/etc/samba/
/var/log/samba/

209.2 NFS Server Configuration
Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be able to export filesystems using NFS. This objective includes access restrictions- mounting an NFS filesystem on a client and securing NFS.

Key Knowledge Areas:

NFS version 3 configuration files
NFS tools and utilities
Access restrictions to certain hosts and/or subnets
Mount options on server and client
TCP Wrappers
Awareness of NFSv4
Terms and Utilities:

/etc/exports
exportfs
showmount
nfsstat
/proc/mounts
/etc/fstab
rpcinfo
mountd
portmapper
Topic 210: Network Client Management
210.1 DHCP configuration
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to configure a DHCP server. This objective includes setting default and per client options- adding static hosts and BOOTP hosts. Also included is configuring a DHCP relay agent and maintaining the DHCP server.

Key Knowledge Areas:

DHCP configuration files- terms and utilities
Subnet and dynamically-allocated range setup
Awareness of DHCPv6 and IPv6 Router Advertisements
Terms and Utilities:

dhcpd.conf
dhcpd.leases
DHCP Log messages in syslog or systemd journal
arp
dhcpd
radvd
radvd.conf

210.2 PAM authentication
Weight: 3

Description: The candidate should be able to configure PAM to support authentication using various available methods. This includes basic SSSD functionality.

Key Knowledge Areas:

PAM configuration files- terms and utilities
passwd and shadow passwords
Use sssd for LDAP authentication
Terms and Utilities:

/etc/pam.d/
pam.conf
nsswitch.conf
pam_unix- pam_cracklib- pam_limits- pam_listfile- pam_sss
sssd.conf

210.3 LDAP client usage
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to perform queries and updates to an LDAP server. Also included is importing and adding items- as well as adding and managing users.

Key Knowledge Areas:

LDAP utilities for data management and queries
Change user passwords
Querying the LDAP directory
Terms and Utilities:

ldapsearch
ldappasswd
ldapadd
ldapdelete

210.4 Configuring an OpenLDAP server
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to configure a basic OpenLDAP server including knowledge of LDIF format and essential access controls.

Key Knowledge Areas:

OpenLDAP
Directory based configuration
Access Control
Distinguished Names
Changetype Operations
Schemas and Whitepages
Directories
Object IDs- Attributes and Classes
Terms and Utilities:

slapd
slapd-config
LDIF
slapadd
slapcat
slapindex
/var/lib/ldap/
loglevel
Topic 211: E-Mail Services
211.1 Using e-mail servers
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to manage an e-mail server- including the configuration of e-mail aliases- e-mail quotas and virtual e-mail domains. This objective includes configuring internal e-mail relays and monitoring e-mail servers.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Configuration files for postfix
Basic TLS configuration for postfix
Basic knowledge of the SMTP protocol
Awareness of sendmail and exim
Terms and Utilities:

Configuration files and commands for postfix
/etc/postfix/
/var/spool/postfix/
sendmail emulation layer commands
/etc/aliases
mail-related logs in /var/log/

211.2 Managing E-Mail Delivery
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to implement client e-mail management software to filter- sort and monitor incoming user e-mail.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Understanding of Sieve functionality- syntax and operators
Use Sieve to filter and sort mail with respect to sender- recipient(s)- headers and size
Awareness of procmail
Terms and Utilities:

Conditions and comparison operators
keep- fileinto- redirect- reject- discard- stop
Dovecot vacation extension

211.3 Managing Remote E-Mail Delivery
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to install and configure POP and IMAP daemons.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Dovecot IMAP and POP3 configuration and administration
Basic TLS configuration for Dovecot
Awareness of Courier
Terms and Utilities:

/etc/dovecot/
dovecot.conf
doveconf
doveadm
Topic 212: System Security
212.1 Configuring a router
Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be able to configure a system to forward IP packet and perform network address translation (NAT- IP masquerading) and state its significance in protecting a network. This objective includes configuring port redirection- managing filter rules and averting attacks.

Key Knowledge Areas:

iptables and ip6tables configuration files- tools and utilities
Tools- commands and utilities to manage routing tables.
Private address ranges (IPv4) and Unique Local Addresses as well as Link Local Addresses (IPv6)
Port redirection and IP forwarding
List and write filtering and rules that accept or block IP packets based on source or destination protocol- port and address Save and reload filtering configurations
Terms and Utilities:

/proc/sys/net/ipv4/
/proc/sys/net/ipv6/
/etc/services
iptables
ip6tables

212.2 Securing FTP servers
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to configure an FTP server for anonymous downloads and uploads. This objective includes precautions to be taken if anonymous uploads are permitted and configuring user access.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Configuration files- tools and utilities for Pure-FTPd and vsftpd
Awareness of ProFTPd
Understanding of passive vs. active FTP connections
Terms and Utilities:

vsftpd.conf
important Pure-FTPd command line options

212.3 Secure shell (SSH)
Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to configure and secure an SSH daemon. This objective includes managing keys and configuring SSH for users. Candidates should also be able to forward an application protocol over SSH and manage the SSH login.

Key Knowledge Areas:

OpenSSH configuration files- tools and utilities
Login restrictions for the superuser and the normal users
Managing and using server and client keys to login with and without password
Usage of multiple connections from multiple hosts to guard against loss of connection to remote host following configuration changes
Terms and Utilities:

ssh
sshd
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/ssh/
Private and public key files
PermitRootLogin- PubKeyAuthentication- AllowUsers- PasswordAuthentication- Protocol

212.4 Security tasks
Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be able to receive security alerts from various sources- install- configure and run intrusion detection systems and apply security patches and bugfixes.

Key Knowledge Areas:

Tools and utilities to scan and test ports on a server
Locations and organizations that report security alerts as Bugtraq- CERT or other sources
Tools and utilities to implement an intrusion detection system (IDS)
Awareness of OpenVAS and Snort
Terms and Utilities:

telnet
nmap
fail2ban
nc
iptables

212.5 OpenVPN
Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to configure a VPN (Virtual Private Network) and create secure point-to-point or site-to-site connections.

Key Knowledge Areas:

OpenVPN
Terms and Utilities:

/etc/openvpn/
openvpn

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LPI version exam Questions

Certification of questions of law to state supreme courts | 202-400 cheat sheet and real questions

The company and legislations enterprise names proven above are generated immediately in keeping with the textual content of the article. we are improving this characteristic as we continue to examine and increase in beta. We welcome feedback, which you could deliver using the feedback tab on the right of the web page.

June 22, 2021 - Federal courts facing unresolved considerations of state legislations often must make an “Erie guess” about what the state’s maximum court would come to a decision. but many courts are turning to an choice: just ask the state courtroom.

This procedure, called certification of questions of legislation, may additionally present federal courts certain and conclusive answers, extra uniformity and evade discussion board shopping, and assure that states' excessive courts have the remaining say as to state legislation. Its use has grown significantly in fresh years, no matter if as a result of there's a greater appreciation of concepts of federal-state comity embodied in certification, or even if increased use of the technique itself has legitimized and encouraged requests or sua sponte choices to certify.

Certification is not a be counted of jurisdiction since the state supreme courtroom is being asked only to unravel a felony question — no longer to make a decision the case. as soon as the state court docket solutions the query, the federal court docket applies the law to the records, considers any ultimate issues, and determines whether to remand to a lower federal court docket or company.

whereas the state courtroom's opinion is binding precedent as to state legislation — the equal as if it had been issued in a special case — and may, below state certification rules, be res judicata as to the parties — the federal courtroom enters judgment as a remember of its own authority under federal law.

Unfamiliar to many lawyers, certification is a creature of state statutes and court docket rules, not federal legislations; federal courts with ease make a decision no matter if to avail themselves of this resource.

Florida enacted the primary certification statute seven years after the U.S. Supreme court docket held in Erie Railroad v. Tompkins (1938) that state law governs in variety situations, but that state didn't adopt any process for certification unless 1961, after the U.S. Supreme court docket advised it to achieve this in Clay v. solar coverage workplace (1961).

As of 2017, forty nine states, the District of Columbia, and three territories have based methods; best North Carolina lacks one. at least 23 states and D.C. have adopted, by means of law or courtroom rule, the Uniform Certification of Questions of legislation Act (1967); eight states have adopted the 1995 version of the Act; and other states have borrowed key operative language from the Act.

The federal court docket and state supreme court are gatekeepers, and, field to the state's tactics, every has practically unreviewable discretion no matter if to supply or accept certification. The U.S. Supreme court docket, in its first pronouncements as to certification in Lehman Bros. v. Schein (1974), recommended that, whereas "[w]e do not indicate that the place there's doubt as to local law and the place the certification process is attainable, motel to it's obligatory," certification "does, of course, ultimately retailer time, energy, and substances and helps construct a cooperative judicial federalism."

A contemporary case is illustrative. In Lindenberg v. Jackson country wide lifestyles coverage Co. (2018), the Sixth U.S. Circuit court docket of Appeals — by way of a 2-1 vote, and over a strenuous dissent — struck down a Tennessee statute under the state's charter and also refused to certify the difficulty to the Tennessee Supreme court, although that court had previously expressed its willingness to listen to the subject once it became ripe.

The State of Tennessee, backed with the aid of different states as amici curiae, filed a petition for certiorari challenging the Sixth Circuit's refusal to certify. while the U.S. Supreme courtroom denied certiorari, the Tennessee Supreme court approved a district courtroom's certification of the same constitutional challenge in McClay v. Airport management capabilities (2020) and rejected the Sixth Circuit's view as "unpersuasive." Certification by way of the Sixth Circuit would have resolved the constitutional issue without delay and perpetually.

Familiarity with the state's certification guidelines is crucial. All states enable certification of questions of law with the aid of the U.S. Supreme courtroom and federal courts of appeals, but not all let certification by way of federal district courts, bankruptcy and different Article I courts, or tribal courts.

The state guidelines typically modify how federal courts may additionally invoke the system, the nature of the query of legislation to be licensed, the mandatory contents of the certification order, the scope of any briefing before the state courtroom, and different particulars. The certification order often ought to include a specific components of the certified question; a statement of all statistics imperative to the query certified and displaying totally the nature of the controversy by which the query arose; and an evidence of why certification is acceptable.

Framing the licensed question is of extreme magnitude, even though the state supreme courtroom has the appropriate to reformulate the query because it deems fit. The query of legislations may still be phrased as a compact query ending with a question mark, and it'll be couched when it comes to generally applicable legislation, now not the certain data of the case. events should be disciplined in proposing questions of legislations: most courts will now not certify a couple of or two concisely phrased questions.

In finding out even if to certify, courts will look to whether the difficulty of legislations is usually determinative of the case or attraction, and whether there is an absence of controlling authority in the state. reckoning on the state's suggestions, this might also require analyzing state intermediate appellate decisions as well as state supreme courtroom precedent, as well as what decisions and dockets indicate has now not been resolved, e.g., no matter if the state supreme courtroom has reserved the situation in a prior case, or no matter if state courts are more likely to unravel the question quickly.

Federal courts will also have in mind the novelty and significance of the concern of state legislations. while there may well be a conventional belief that certification is reserved for top-profile issues coming up beneath state constitutions, that isn't the case. Courts also certify questions concerning the interpretation of state statutes, regulations, administrative orders, courtroom suggestions, and common legislation in a huge range of fields. Many licensed issues can seem to be dry or niche at top-rated.

Proposed certification can be rejected on a large number of practical grounds. Examples include delays in resolving the attraction or different proceeding before the certifying court docket, and concerns about even if, in gentle of unresolved factual considerations, the question of law could be framed to supply a sufficiently helpful response from the state supreme courtroom.

As state rules appreciate, federal courts may also certify questions about action or sua sponte. a party can also circulate at any time however, as a conventional principle, it's going to accomplish that as soon as achievable. In most appeals, parties wait to request certification until their primary briefs or even on the rehearing stage.

where the state rule allows certification of questions of legislations by means of district courts, there is not any strict requirement that a party are trying to find certification with the aid of the district courtroom before it seeks certification by way of the court of appeals. however, the court of appeals can also disfavor certification the place the party didn't deliver a well timed motion to certify within the district court docket.

parties can also guide or oppose certification for a lot of tactical factors, together with the penalties of extend and the advantages of receiving conclusive answers to vexing questions that may be raised in a large number of situations. a celebration should still definitely believe no matter if which the federal or state determination-maker gold standard serves its pursuits. here's now not only a be counted of evaluating which particular person judges are, by dint of judicial philosophy, heritage, or different considerations, more likely to favor the desired influence.

As an institutional matter, a federal courtroom can be more inclined to believe itself sure by using studying the tea leaves of state supreme courtroom precedent, intermediate appellate cases, selections from different jurisdictions, Restatements, and educational commentary. The state’s maximum court docket, however, is free to chart something new direction it decides is applicable, including by distinguishing or rejecting outright its past decisions. in the end, the prudence of certification may additionally activate no matter if, in the case, an “Erie guess” beats a certain issue.

Opinions expressed are those of the writer. They don't mirror the views of Reuters news, which, under the trust concepts, is dedicated to integrity, independence, and freedom from bias. Westlaw these days is owned via Thomson Reuters.

Bennett Cooper

Bennett Evan Cooper practices appellate advocacy and is a Member at Dickinson Wright PLLC in Phoenix and Silicon Valley. A past Chair of the American Bar affiliation’s Council of Appellate attorneys, he's the creator of two Thomson Reuters treatises, “Federal Appellate apply: Ninth Circuit” and “Arizona Trial guide.” He can be reached at bcooper@dickinsonwright.com.

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