FNP-BC Demo and Sample
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ANCC
FNP-BC
Family Nurse Practitioner Certification
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Question: 239
-year-old male patient presents with chest pain, shortness of breath, a horesis. The family nurse practitioner suspects acute myocardial infarc I). Which of the following interventions should be the nurse practitio ity?
dministering nitroglycerin sublingually btaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) itiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) dministering aspirin orally
wer: B
anation: Obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the nurse itioner's priority in a patient suspected of having an acute myocardial ction (AMI). The ECG can provide important information about the ence and location of myocardial ischemia or infarction, guiding furthe agement decisions, such as reperfusion therapy.
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Question: 240
A 30-year-old female patient presents with a palpable breast lump. What is the recommended initial diagnostic test for evaluating a breast lump in this patient?
Ultrasound
Mammography
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
Answer: A
ltrasound is the recommended initial diagnostic test. Ultrasound can h mine if the lump is a solid mass or a fluid-filled cyst, which guides fu uation and management decisions.
stion: 241
year-old child presents with a fever, sore throat, and swollen cervical h nodes. Upon examination, the family nurse practitioner notes tonsill ates. What is the most likely diagnosis?
trep throat ononucleosis onsillitis haryngitis
wer: A
Explanation: In a patient with a palpable breast lump who is under the age of 30, u elp
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Explanation: The presence of tonsillar exudates, along with fever, sore throat, and swollen cervical lymph nodes, is highly suggestive of group A Streptococcus (GAS) pharyngitis, commonly known as strep throat. Confirmatory testing, such as a rapid antigen detection test or throat culture, is recommended to confirm the diagnosis.
A 25-year-old female patient presents with irregular menstrual cycles and excessive hair growth on her face and body. The family nurse practitioner suspects polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Which of the following laboratory findings is most consistent with this diagnosis?
Elevated testosterone levels
levated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels levated estrogen levels
levated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels
wer: A
anation: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with elevat sterone levelswhich can cause symptoms such as hirsutism (excessive th) and menstrual irregularities. While other hormonal imbalances ma ent in PCOS, such as elevated LH levels and decreased FSH levels, ated testosterone levels are most consistent with the diagnosis.
stion: 243
-year-old male patient presents with a sudden-onset severe headache, ness, and photophobia. The family nurse practitioner suspects subarac orrhage. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate to
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Lumbar puncture (LP) with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain
Non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) scan
Carotid ultrasound
stion: 244
-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes ents with dull, aching pain in her legs that worsens with walking and oves with rest. The family nurse practitioner suspects peripheral arter se (PAD). Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate uate this patient for PAD?
omputed tomography angiography (CTA) enous duplex ultrasound
nkle-brachial index (ABI)
agnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
wer: C
anation: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a non-invasive and cost-
Explanation: In a patient suspected of having a subarachnoid hemorrhage, a lumbar puncture (LP) with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the most appropriate diagnostic test to confirm the diagnosis. The presence of xanthochromia (yellowish discoloration) in the CSF indicates the presence of blood in the subarachnoid space, confirming the diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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effective diagnostic test used to evaluate patients for peripheral artery disease (PAD). It compares the blood pressure in the ankles to the blood pressure in the arms to assess for arterial occlusion or stenosis. An ABI value less than 0.90 is indicative of PA
D.
A 40-year-old pregnant patient presents with a severe headache, visual disturbances, and epigastric pain. The family nurse practitioner suspects preeclampsia. Which of the following findings on laboratory tests would support this diagnosis?
Increased serum creatinine levels
levated serum glucose levels ecreased platelet count
ecreased white blood cell (WBC) count
wer: C
anation: Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension and end-organ age, which can affect various systems, including the hematological sy mbocytopenia, indicated by a decreased platelet count, is a common ng in preeclampsia and can help support the diagnosis.
stion: 246
-year-old male patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonar se (COPD) presents with worsening dyspnea, cough, and increased um production. The family nurse practitioner suspects an acute erbation of COP
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Administration of inhaled bronchodilators
Initiation of systemic corticosteroids
Oxygen therapy to maintain oxygen saturation above 90%
Antibiotic therapy targeting common respiratory pathogens
Answer: C
everity and etiology of the exacerbation.
stion: 247
-year-old female patient with a history of osteoporosis presents with a severe lower back pain and loss of height. The family nurse practitio ects a vertebral compression fracture. Which of the following diagnost
s most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?
ray of the lumbar spine
ual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan agnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine one scintigraphy (nuclear bone scan)
wer: A
anation: X-ray of the lumbar spine is the most appropriate diagnostic
Explanation: In an acute exacerbation of COPD, maintaining adequate oxygenation is a priority. Oxygen therapy should be initiated to maintain oxygen saturation above 90%. This helps alleviate hypoxemia and reduce the workload on the respiratory system. Other interventions, such as bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics, may be indicated depending on the s
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to confirm the diagnosis of a vertebral compression fracture. It can visualize the vertebral bodies and assess for fractures, deformities, or loss of height. Additional imaging modalities, such as MRI or DXA scan, may be considered for further evaluation or to assess overall bone health.
Question: 248
A 25-year-old female patient presents with a painful, swollen, and erythematous joint in her right hand. The family nurse practitioner suspects gout. Which of the following findings on joint aspiration would support this diagnosis?
Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count
ositive rheumatoid factor (RF)
ncreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
wer: B
anation: Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by the deposi ate crystals in the joints. Aspiration of the affected joint and identifica ate crystals under polarized light microscopy is the gold standard for rming the diagnosis of gout.
stion: 249
-year-old male patient presents with sudden-onset severe flank pain ting to the groin. The family nurse practitioner suspects renal colic du ry calculi. Which of the following imaging studies is most appropriat uate for the presence of urinary stones?
Presence of urate crystals
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Renal ultrasound
Abdominal X-ray
Non-contrast helical computed tomography (CT) scan
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
Answer: C
Explanation: Non-contrast helical computed tomography (CT) scan is the imaging study of choice for evaluating patients with suspected renal colic due to urinary calculi. It provides detailed visualization of the urinary tract and can accurately identify the presence, location, and size of urinary stones.
Question: 250
-year-old male patient presents with progressive cognitive decline, ory loss, and difficulty with language and problem-solving. The famil practitioner suspects Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following cations is commonly used to manage the symptoms of Alzheimer's se?
etoprolol (Lopressor) etformin (Glucophage) isinopril (Zestril) onepezil (Aricept)
wer: D
anation: Donepezil (Aricept) is a common medication used for the agement of symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease. It is a nesterase inhibitor that helps improve cognitive function and may slo ression of symptoms temporarily.
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Question: 251
A 45-year-old male patient presents with recurrent episodes of epigastric pain that occur after eating fatty meals. The family nurse practitioner suspects gallstonesand requests an abdominal ultrasound. The ultrasound reveals the presence of gallstones. Which of the following interventions is the most
appropriate for symptomatic gallstones?
Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy
Cholecystectomy
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Observation and dietary modifications
anation: Cholecystectomy, the surgical removal of the gallbladder, is t appropriate intervention for symptomatic gallstones. It is the definiti ment and can prevent further episodes of pain and complications asso
allstones, such as cholecystitis or choledocholithiasis. Ursodeoxycho herapy may be considered in specific cases, but it is not the primary ment for symptomatic gallstones.
stion: 252
-year-old pregnant patient at 34 weeks gestation presents with sudden severe abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. The family nurse
itioner suspects a placental abruption. Which of the following finding d support this diagnosis?
etal bradycardia
bsence of fetal heart tones
Answer: B
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Uterine tenderness
Answer: D
Explanation: Placental abruption is a medical emergency characterized by the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. Uterine tenderness
is a common finding in placental abruption due to the presence of retroplacental blood. Other signs may include vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and signs of fetal distress, such as fetal bradycardia or absence of fetal heart tones.
Question: 253
ly nurse practitioner suspects testicular cancer. Which of the followin ost appropriate initial diagnostic study?
omputed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis erum tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein, beta-human chorionic dotropin, lactate dehydrogenase)
esticular ultrasound adical orchiectomy
wer: C
anation: Testicular ultrasound is the most appropriate initial diagnosti for evaluating a testicular mass. It can help differentiate between soli ystic masses and provide additional information about the size, locati haracteristics of the mass. Serum tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein, b an chorionic gonadotropin, lactate dehydrogenase) and CT scan of the men and pelvis may be indicated for further evaluation or staging if cular cancer is confirmed. Radical orchiectomy is the definitive treatm
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