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Properly set a Cisco router’s clock and time zone

Does setting the correct time on a router really matter? Actually, it does. In this edition of Cisco Routers and Switches, David Davis reviews the benefits of setting the correct time on your router, and he walks you through the three-step process to configure the correct time.

Last year, I wrote an article about why Cisco devices shoulduse Network Time Protocol (NTP) for their time synchronization needs, in whichI explained how to configure NTP on your Cisco devices (“Synchronizea Cisco router’s clock with Network Time Protocol (NTP)”). Using NTPis the ideal method for medium to large-scale networks.

However, if you have only a handful of routers, manuallysetting the clock may be the easiest way to properly configure your devices’times. Let’s walk through the process.

If a Cisco router boots up before you’ve configured a localtime or network time source, it will display the date as March 1, 1993. Here’san example:

This date’s appearance on log files is a good indicationthat no one has set the router’s time source or local time. This is much morelikely than the router’s log entries actually dating back to 1993.

Does setting the correct time on a router really matter? While proper timeconfiguration isn’t necessary for a router to fully operate, that doesn’t meanyou shouldn’t set the right time. Here are some of the benefits of setting thecorrect time on a router:

When setting a router’s (or switch’s) correct time, thefirst step is configuring the proper time zone. This is the first step for areason: If you set the time first and then try to set to the time zone, you’llhave to reset the time again.

The key point to remember is that it’s not enough to know thatyou’re in the Eastern or Pacific time zone. You need to know how many hours youare from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

For example, if you’re in the Eastern Standard Time zone inthe United States, you’re five hours behind GMT. You would indicate this to therouter with -5. If you’re unsure how many hours you are from GMT, the U.S.Navy’s Web site offers a great resource—the World Time Zone Map.

After you’ve determined your time zone value, you can setthe time zone. For example, I live in the Central Standard Time (CST) zone, sohere’s how I would configure the router:

After setting the appropriate time zone, you need toconfigure the router to adjust for Daylight SavingTime. You can use the summer-timecommand to accomplish this. Using our CST zone example, here’s how to configurethe router to use Daylight Saving Time:

The summer-timecommand tells the router to refer to Daylight Saving Time as Central Daylight Time(CDT), which will automatically occur according to predefined dates and times onthe router. (You can use the same command to manually set the date and time forDaylight Saving Time.) The recurringoption tells the router to use the accepted U.S. Daylight Saving Time rules forthe annual time changes in April and October.

After configuring the time zone and Daylight Saving Time, thelast step is to configure the router’s clock. You must do this while in PrivilegedMode—not Global Configuration Mode.

If you’ve never done this before, the format can be a bittricky. Here are some things to keep in mind:

Here’s an example:

After configuring the time zone, Daylight Saving Time, andthe clock, you can view the clock using the showclock command. Here’s an example:

Keep in mind that most Cisco routers and switches don’t haveinternal clocks that store the time when you power them off. That means rebootinga device will lose the set local time. However, the time zone will remain set becausethe router stores it in its configuration.

For more information on Cisco IOS time configuration, checkout Cisco’sdocumentation for the various clockcommands. How do you set the time on routers or switches? Do you set itmanually or use NTP? What other router and switch topics would you like to see covered?Share your comments in this article’s discussion.

Check out the Cisco Routers and SwitchesArchive, and catch up on David Davis’ most recent columns.

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David Davis has workedin the IT industry for 12 years and holds several certifications, includingCCIE, MCSE+I, CISSP, CCNA, CCDA, and CCNP. He currently manages a group ofsystems/network administrators for a privately owned retail company andperforms networking/systems consulting on a part-time basis.

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